A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry.[1] In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are an area of study of the discipline hydrology and are of significant concern in agriculture, civil engineering and public health.
Floods
Introduction: A flood is a natural calamity. It is a state of a country when a vast area of her goes underwater. It causes immense damage to the life and properties of people.
Cause of flood: In the rainy season, it often rains cats and dogs. Pools, canals and rivers are filled with the brim and can hold no more water. So, the rainwater overflows the banks of the canals and rivers and stands on the field. As a result fields and roads go underwater. Sometimes, the sudden melting of snow and tidal waves of the sea cause flood.
Effects of the flood: Flood causes great damage to a country. It ruins crops, sweeps away houses, uproots trees and telegraph poles. It renders a large number of people homeless and takes away many lives. Communication is cut off. People can not go from one place to another without a boat. Innumerable cattle are swept away causing much suffering to the farmers.
After-effects of the flood: Famine breaks out in the wake of flood and many people die without food. After the flood epidemic diseases like cholera, dysentery. diarrhoea and fever break out in the flood-affected areas. The scarcity of drinking water causes great suffering for the people. On the other hand, the flood was some good effects also. It makes land fertile. Crops and vegetables grow in abundance in these fertile lands. Some uncultivable lands become cultivable after the flood.
Relief measures for the flood: Relief measures are takers for flood-affected people. The homeless people are sheltered in relief camps. Relief squads from government and private organisations rush to flood-affected areas to give medical help, supply free food and clothes to the people. Free seeds are supplied to the cultivators. These measures mitigate the sufferings of the people to some extent
Flood control measures: Proper steps should be taken to control floods. Irrigation systems should be introduced to reduce the fury of floods. Embankments should be constructed on the banks of the rivers to Prevent overflow of water. The rivers and canals should be dredged so that they may carry more water.
Conclusion: It is a problem of life and death for the people of Bangladesh. Our Government has to spend a lot of money for this purpose every year. Farakka Barrage f India has made this problem permanent for us. For our existence, we, the patriotic people of Bangladesh must find out ways and means to solve this problem of life and death unitedly.
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